source: lib/trace.c @ 6dbc47a

/*
 * This file is part of libtrace
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2004 The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
 * Authors: Daniel Lawson 
 *          Perry Lorier 
 *          
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code has been developed by the University of Waikato WAND 
 * research group. For further information please see http://www.wand.net.nz/
 *
 * libtrace is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * libtrace is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with libtrace; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * $Id$
 *
 */


/* @file 
 *
 * @brief Trace file processing library
 *
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 * @author Perry Lorier
 *
 * @internal
 */
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include "common.h"
#include "config.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#  include <limits.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_LIMITS_H
#  include <sys/limits.h>
#endif

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#ifdef HAVE_NET_IF_ARP_H
#  include <net/if_arp.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_NET_IF_H
#  include <net/if.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#  include <netinet/in.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_NET_ETHERNET_H
#  include <net/ethernet.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IF_ETHER_H
#  include <netinet/if_ether.h>
#endif

#include <time.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
#  include <inttypes.h>
#else
#  error "Can't find inttypes.h - this needs to be fixed"
#endif 

#ifdef HAVE_STDDEF_H
#  include <stddef.h>
#else
# error "Can't find stddef.h - do you define ptrdiff_t elsewhere?"
#endif

#include "libtrace.h"
#include "fifo.h"
#include "libtrace_int.h"
#include "parse_cmd.h"

#if HAVE_PCAP_BPF_H
#  include <pcap-bpf.h>
#else
#  ifdef HAVE_NET_BPF_H
#    include <net/bpf.h>
#  endif
#endif

#include "libtrace_int.h"
#include "format_helper.h"
#include "rt_protocol.h"
#include <err.h>

#define MAXOPTS 1024


struct trace_err_t trace_err;

struct libtrace_format_t **format_list = 0;
int format_size = 0;
int nformats = 0;

/* strncpy is not assured to copy the final \0, so we
 * will use our own one that does
 */
static void xstrncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n)
{
        strncpy(dest,src,n);
        dest[n]='\0';
}
 
static char *xstrndup(const char *src,size_t n)
{       
        char *ret=malloc(n+1);
        xstrncpy(ret,src,n);
        return ret;
}

void register_format(struct libtrace_format_t *f) {
        if (format_list == 0) {
                format_size = 10;
                format_list = malloc(
                                        sizeof(struct libtrace_format_t *) *
                                        format_size
                                );
        } else if (format_size == nformats) {
                format_size = format_size + 10;
                format_list = realloc(format_list,
                                sizeof(struct libtrace_format_t *) * 
                                format_size);
        }
        format_list[nformats] = f;
        nformats++;
}

/* Prints help information for libtrace 
 *
 * Function prints out some basic help information regarding libtrace,
 * and then prints out the help() function registered with each input module
 */
void trace_help() {
        int i = 0;
        printf("libtrace %s\n",PACKAGE_VERSION);
        for (i = 0; i < nformats; i++) {
                if (format_list[i]->help) {
                        format_list[i]->help();
                }
        }
}

#define RP_BUFSIZE 65536
#define URI_PROTO_LINE 16

/* Gets the name of the output format for a given output trace. 
 *
 * @params libtrace     the output trace to get the name of the format for
 * @returns callee-owned null-terminated char* containing the output format
 *
 */
SIMPLE_FUNCTION
char *trace_get_output_format(const struct libtrace_out_t *libtrace) {
        char * format = libtrace->format->name;

        return format;
}

/* Create a trace file from a URI
 *
 * @params char * containing a valid libtrace URI
 * @returns opaque pointer to a libtrace_t
 *
 * Valid URI's are:
 *  erf:/path/to/erf/file
 *  erf:/path/to/erf/file.gz
 *  erf:/path/to/rtclient/socket
 *  erf:-                       (stdin)
 *  dag:/dev/dagcard
 *  pcapint:pcapinterface               (eg: pcapint:eth0)
 *  pcap:/path/to/pcap/file
 *  pcap:-
 *  rtclient:hostname
 *  rtclient:hostname:port
 *  wag:-
 *  wag:/path/to/wag/file
 *  wag:/path/to/wag/file.gz
 *  wag:/path/to/wag/socket
 *
 * If an error occured when attempting to open a trace, NULL is returned
 * and an error is output to stdout.
 */
struct libtrace_t *trace_create(const char *uri) {
        struct libtrace_t *libtrace = malloc(sizeof(struct libtrace_t));
        char *scan = 0;
        const char *uridata = 0;                  
        int i = 0;
        
        trace_err.err_num = TRACE_ERR_NOERROR;
        
        /* parse the URI to determine what sort of event we are dealing with */
        if ((uridata = trace_parse_uri(uri, &scan)) == 0) {
                return 0;
        }
        
        libtrace->event.tdelta = 0.0;
        libtrace->filter = NULL;
        libtrace->snaplen = 0;

        libtrace->format = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < nformats; i++) {
                if (strlen(scan) == strlen(format_list[i]->name) &&
                                strncasecmp(scan,
                                        format_list[i]->name,
                                        strlen(scan)) == 0) {
                        libtrace->format=format_list[i];
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (libtrace->format == 0) {
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_BAD_FORMAT,
                                "Unknown format (%s)",scan);
                return 0;
        }

        libtrace->uridata = strdup(uridata);
        /* libtrace->format now contains the type of uri
         * libtrace->uridata contains the appropriate data for this
         */
        
        if (libtrace->format->init_input) {
                if (!libtrace->format->init_input( libtrace)) {
                        /* init_input should call trace_set_err to set 
                         * the error message
                         */
                        return 0;
                }
        } else {
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_NO_INIT,
                                "Format does not support input (%s)",scan);
                return 0;
        }
        

        libtrace->fifo = create_tracefifo(1048576);
        assert( libtrace->fifo);
        free(scan);
        libtrace->started=false;
        return libtrace;
}

/* Creates a "dummy" trace file that has only the format type set.
 *
 * @returns opaque pointer to a (sparsely initialised) libtrace_t
 *
 * IMPORTANT: Do not attempt to call trace_read_packet or other such functions
 * with the dummy trace. Its intended purpose is to act as a packet->trace for
 * libtrace_packet_t's that are not associated with a libtrace_t structure.
 */
struct libtrace_t * trace_create_dead (const char *uri) {
        struct libtrace_t *libtrace = malloc(sizeof(struct libtrace_t));
        char *scan = calloc(sizeof(char),URI_PROTO_LINE);
        char *uridata;
        int i;
        
        trace_err.err_num = TRACE_ERR_NOERROR;

        if((uridata = strchr(uri,':')) == NULL) {
                xstrncpy(scan, uri, strlen(uri));
        } else {
                xstrncpy(scan,uri, (uridata - uri));
        }
        
        libtrace->format = 0;   
        
        for (i = 0; i < nformats; i++) {
                if (strlen(scan) == strlen(format_list[i]->name) &&
                                !strncasecmp(scan,
                                        format_list[i]->name,
                                        strlen(scan))) {
                                libtrace->format=format_list[i];
                                break;
                                }
        }
        if (libtrace->format == 0) {
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_BAD_FORMAT,
                                "Unknown format (%s)",scan);
                return 0;
        }
        
        free(scan);
        return libtrace;

}

/* Creates a trace output file from a URI. 
 *
 * @param uri   the uri string describing the output format and destination
 * @returns opaque pointer to a libtrace_output_t 
 * @author Shane Alcock
 *
 * Valid URI's are: - gzerf:/path/to/erf/file.gz - gzerf:/path/to/erf/file -
 * rtserver:hostname - rtserver:hostname:port
 *
 *  If an error occured when attempting to open the output trace, NULL is
 *  returned and trace_errno is set. 
 */
        
libtrace_out_t *trace_create_output(const char *uri) {
        struct libtrace_out_t *libtrace = malloc(sizeof(struct libtrace_out_t));
        
        char *scan = 0;
        const char *uridata = 0;
        int i;

        trace_err.err_num = TRACE_ERR_NOERROR;
        /* parse the URI to determine what sort of event we are dealing with */

        if ((uridata = trace_parse_uri(uri, &scan)) == 0) {
                return 0;
        }
        
        
        libtrace->format = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < nformats; i++) {
                if (strlen(scan) == strlen(format_list[i]->name) &&
                                !strncasecmp(scan,
                                        format_list[i]->name,
                                        strlen(scan))) {
                                libtrace->format=format_list[i];
                                break;
                                }
        }
        if (libtrace->format == 0) {
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_BAD_FORMAT,
                                "Unknown output format (%s)",scan);
                return 0;
        }
        libtrace->uridata = strdup(uridata);


        /* libtrace->format now contains the type of uri
         * libtrace->uridata contains the appropriate data for this
         */

        if (libtrace->format->init_output) {
                if(!libtrace->format->init_output( libtrace)) {
                        return 0;
                }
        } else {
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_NO_INIT_OUT,
                                "Format does not support writing (%s)",scan);
                return 0;
        }


        libtrace->fifo = create_tracefifo(1048576);
        assert( libtrace->fifo);
        free(scan);
        libtrace->started=false;
        return libtrace;
}

/* Start a trace
 * @param libtrace      the input trace to start
 * @returns 0 on success
 *
 * This does the work associated with actually starting up
 * the trace.  it may fail.
 */
int trace_start(struct libtrace_t *libtrace)
{
        assert(libtrace);
        if (libtrace->format->start_input) {
                int ret=libtrace->format->start_input(libtrace);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        libtrace->started=true;
        return 0;
}

int trace_start_output(libtrace_out_t *libtrace) 
{
        assert(libtrace);
        if (libtrace->format->start_output) {
                int ret=libtrace->format->start_output(libtrace);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        libtrace->started=false;
        return 0;
}

int trace_pause(libtrace_t *libtrace)
{
        assert(libtrace);
        assert(libtrace->started && "BUG: Called trace_pause without calling trace_start first");
        if (libtrace->format->pause_input)
                libtrace->format->pause_input(libtrace);
        libtrace->started=false;
        return 0;
}

int trace_config(libtrace_t *libtrace,
                trace_option_t option,
                void *value)
{
        int ret;
        if (libtrace->format->config_input) {
                ret=libtrace->format->config_input(libtrace,option,value);
                if (ret==0)
                        return 0;
        }
        switch(option) {
                case TRACE_OPTION_SNAPLEN:
                        libtrace->snaplen=*(int*)value;
                        break;
                case TRACE_OPTION_FILTER:
                        libtrace->filter=value;
                        break;
                case TRACE_OPTION_PROMISC:
                        trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_OPTION_UNAVAIL,
                                "Promisc mode is not supported by this format module");
                        return -1;
                default:
                        trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_UNKNOWN_OPTION,
                                "Unknown option %i", option);
                        return -1;
        }
        return 0;
}

/* Parses an output options string and calls the appropriate function to deal with output options.
 *
 * @param libtrace      the output trace object to apply the options to
 * @param options       the options string
 * @returns -1 if option configuration failed, 0 otherwise
 *
 * @author Shane Alcock
 */
int trace_config_output(struct libtrace_out_t *libtrace, 
                trace_option_output_t option,
                void *value) {
        if (libtrace->format->config_output) {
                return libtrace->format->config_output(libtrace, option, value);
        }
        return -1;
}

/* Close a trace file, freeing up any resources it may have been using
 *
 */
void trace_destroy(struct libtrace_t *libtrace) {
        assert(libtrace);
        libtrace->format->fin_input(libtrace);
        /* need to free things! */
        free(libtrace->uridata);
        destroy_tracefifo(libtrace->fifo);
        free(libtrace);
}


void trace_destroy_dead(struct libtrace_t *libtrace) {
        assert(libtrace);
        free(libtrace);
}
/* Close an output trace file, freeing up any resources it may have been using
 *
 * @param libtrace      the output trace file to be destroyed
 *
 * @author Shane Alcock
 * */
void trace_destroy_output(struct libtrace_out_t *libtrace) {
        assert(libtrace);
        libtrace->format->fin_output(libtrace);
        free(libtrace->uridata);
        destroy_tracefifo(libtrace->fifo);
        free(libtrace);
}

libtrace_packet_t *trace_create_packet() {
        libtrace_packet_t *packet = calloc(1,sizeof(libtrace_packet_t));
        packet->buf_control=PACKET;
        return packet;
}

/** Destroy a packet object
 *
 * sideeffect: sets packet to NULL
 */
void trace_destroy_packet(struct libtrace_packet_t **packet) {
        if ((*packet)->buf_control) {
                free((*packet)->buffer);
        }
        free((*packet));
        packet = NULL;
}       

/* Read one packet from the trace into buffer
 *
 * @param libtrace      the libtrace opaque pointer
 * @param packet        the packet opaque pointer
 * @returns 0 on EOF, negative value on error
 *
 */
int trace_read_packet(struct libtrace_t *libtrace, struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {

        assert(libtrace && "You called trace_read_packet() with a NULL libtrace parameter!\n");
        assert(libtrace->started && "BUG: You must call libtrace_start() before trace_read_packet()\n");
        assert(packet);
        assert((packet->buf_control==PACKET || packet->buf_control==EXTERNAL)&&
                "BUG: You must allocate a packet using packet_create()");
      
        /* Store the trace we are reading from into the packet opaque 
         * structure */
        packet->trace = libtrace;
        packet->type = RT_DATA;
        
        if (libtrace->format->read_packet) {
                do {
                        packet->size=libtrace->format->read_packet(libtrace,packet);
                        if (packet->size==-1 || packet->size==0)
                                return packet->size;
                        if (libtrace->filter) {
                                /* If the filter doesn't match, read another
                                 * packet
                                 */
                                if (!trace_bpf_filter(libtrace->filter,packet)){
                                        continue;
                                }
                        }
                        if (libtrace->snaplen>0) {
                                /* Snap the packet */
                                trace_set_capture_length(packet,
                                                libtrace->snaplen);
                        }

                        return packet->size;
                } while(1);
        }
        packet->size=-1;
        return -1;
}

/* Writes a packet to the specified output
 *
 * @param libtrace      describes the output format, destination, etc.
 * @param packet        the packet to be written out
 * @returns the number of bytes written, -1 if write failed
 *
 * @author Shane Alcock
 * */
int trace_write_packet(struct libtrace_out_t *libtrace, const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        assert(libtrace);
        assert(packet); 
        /* Verify the packet is valid */
        assert(packet->size<65536);
        assert(packet->size>0);

        if (libtrace->format->write_packet) {
                return libtrace->format->write_packet(libtrace, packet);
        }
        return -1;
}

/* get a pointer to the link layer
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the link layer, or NULL if there is no link layer
 * 
 * @note you should call trace_get_link_type() to find out what type of link layer this is
 */
void *trace_get_link(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        return (void *)packet->payload;
}

/*
typedef struct legacy_framing {
        uint64_t        ts;
        uint32_t        crc;
        uint32_t        header;
        uint32_t        data[12]; // pad to 64 bytes 
} legacy_framing_t;
*/

/* get a pointer to the IP header (if any)
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the IP header, or NULL if there is not an IP packet
 */
struct libtrace_ip *trace_get_ip(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        struct libtrace_ip *ipptr = 0;

        switch(trace_get_link_type(packet)) {
                case TRACE_TYPE_80211_PRISM:
                        {
                                struct ieee_802_11_header *wifi = 
                                        (void*)(
                                         (char*)trace_get_link(packet)+144);
                                if (!wifi) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                        break;
                                }

                                /* Data packet? */
                                if (wifi->type != 2) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                }
                                else {
                                        struct ieee_802_11_payload *eth = 
                                                (void*)((char*)wifi+sizeof(struct ieee_802_11_header));
                                        ipptr = NULL;

                                        if (ntohs(eth->type) == 0x0800) {
                                            ipptr=(void*)
                                                    ((char*)eth + sizeof(*eth));
                                        } else if (ntohs(eth->type) == 0x8100) {
                                            struct libtrace_8021q *vlanhdr =
                                                (struct libtrace_8021q *)eth;
                                            if (ntohs(vlanhdr->vlan_ether_type)
                                                            == 0x0800) {
                                                ipptr=(void*)(
                                                 (char*)eth+sizeof(*vlanhdr));
                                            }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                case TRACE_TYPE_80211:
                        { 
                                
                                struct ieee_802_11_header *wifi = trace_get_link(packet);       
                                if (!wifi) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                        break;
                                }

                                /* Data packet? */
                                if (wifi->type != 2) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                }
                                else {
                                        struct ieee_802_11_payload *eth = 
                                                (void*)((char*)wifi+sizeof(struct ieee_802_11_header));
                                        ipptr = NULL;

                                        if (ntohs(eth->type) == 0x0800) {
                                            ipptr=(void*)((char*)eth + sizeof(*eth));
                                        } else if (ntohs(eth->type) == 0x8100) {
                                            struct libtrace_8021q *vlanhdr =
                                                (struct libtrace_8021q *)eth;
                                            if (ntohs(vlanhdr->vlan_ether_type)
                                                            == 0x0800) {
                                                ipptr=(void*)((char*)eth + 
                                                        sizeof(*vlanhdr));
                                            }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                case TRACE_TYPE_ETH:
                case TRACE_TYPE_LEGACY_ETH:
                        {
                                struct libtrace_ether *eth = 
                                        trace_get_link(packet);
                                if (!eth) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                        break;
                                }
                                ipptr = NULL;
                                
                                if (ntohs(eth->ether_type)==0x0800) {
                                        ipptr = (void*)((char *)eth + sizeof(*eth));
                                } else if (ntohs(eth->ether_type) == 0x8100) {
                                        struct libtrace_8021q *vlanhdr = 
                                                (struct libtrace_8021q *)eth;
                                        if (ntohs(vlanhdr->vlan_ether_type) 
                                                        == 0x0800) {
                                                ipptr = (void*)((char *)eth + 
                                                        sizeof(*vlanhdr));
                                        }
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                case TRACE_TYPE_NONE:
                        ipptr = trace_get_link(packet);
                        break;
                case TRACE_TYPE_LINUX_SLL:
                        {
                                struct trace_sll_header_t *sll;

                                sll = trace_get_link(packet);
                                if (!sll) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                        break;
                                }
                                if (ntohs(sll->protocol)!=0x0800) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                }
                                else {
                                        ipptr = (void*)((char*)sll+
                                                        sizeof(*sll));
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                case TRACE_TYPE_PFLOG:
                        {
                                struct trace_pflog_header_t *pflog;
                                pflog = trace_get_link(packet);
                                if (!pflog) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                        break;
                                }
                                if (pflog->af != AF_INET) {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                } else {
                                        ipptr = (void*)((char*)pflog+
                                                sizeof(*pflog));
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                case TRACE_TYPE_LEGACY_POS:
                        {
                                /* 64 byte capture. */
                                struct libtrace_pos *pos = 
                                        trace_get_link(packet);
                                if (ntohs(pos->ether_type) == 0x0800) {
                                        ipptr=(void*)((char *)pos+sizeof(*pos));
                                } else {
                                        ipptr=NULL;
                                }
                                break;
                                
                        }
                case TRACE_TYPE_LEGACY_ATM:
                case TRACE_TYPE_ATM:
                        {
                                /* 64 byte capture. */
                                struct libtrace_llcsnap *llc = 
                                        trace_get_link(packet);

                                /* advance the llc ptr +4 into the link layer.
                                 * need to check what is in these 4 bytes.
                                 * don't have time!
                                 */
                                llc = (void*)((char *)llc + 4);
                                if (ntohs(llc->type) == 0x0800) {
                                        ipptr=(void*)((char*)llc+sizeof(*llc));
                                } else {
                                        ipptr = NULL;
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                default:
                        fprintf(stderr,"Don't understand link layer type %i in trace_get_ip()\n",
                                trace_get_link_type(packet));
                        ipptr=NULL;
                        break;
        }

        return ipptr;
}

#define SW_IP_OFFMASK 0xff1f

/* Gets a pointer to the transport layer header (if any)
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the transport layer header, or NULL if there is no header
 */
void *trace_get_transport(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        void *trans_ptr = 0;
        struct libtrace_ip *ipptr = 0;

        if (!(ipptr = trace_get_ip(packet))) {
                return 0;
        }

        if ((ipptr->ip_off & SW_IP_OFFMASK) == 0) {
                trans_ptr = (void *)((ptrdiff_t)ipptr + (ipptr->ip_hl * 4));
        }
        return trans_ptr;
}

/* Gets a pointer to the transport layer header (if any) given a pointer to the
 * IP header
 * @param ip            The IP Header
 * @param[out] skipped  An output variable of the number of bytes skipped
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the transport layer header, or NULL if there is no header
 *
 * Skipped can be NULL, in which case it will be ignored
 */
void *trace_get_transport_from_ip(const libtrace_ip_t *ip, int *skipped) {
        void *trans_ptr = 0;    

        if ((ip->ip_off & SW_IP_OFFMASK) == 0) {
                trans_ptr = (void *)((ptrdiff_t)ip + (ip->ip_hl * 4));
        }

        if (skipped)
                *skipped = (ip->ip_hl*4);

        return trans_ptr;
}

/* get a pointer to the TCP header (if any)
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the TCP header, or NULL if there is not a TCP packet
 */
libtrace_tcp_t *trace_get_tcp(const libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        struct libtrace_tcp *tcpptr = 0;
        struct libtrace_ip *ipptr = 0;

        if(!(ipptr = trace_get_ip(packet))) {
                return 0;
        }
        if (ipptr->ip_p == 6) {
                tcpptr = (struct libtrace_tcp *)trace_get_transport_from_ip(ipptr, 0);
        }
        return tcpptr;
}

/* get a pointer to the TCP header (if any) given a pointer to the IP header
 * @param ip            The IP header
 * @param[out] skipped  An output variable of the number of bytes skipped
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the TCP header, or NULL if this is not a TCP packet
 *
 * Skipped can be NULL, in which case it will be ignored by the program.
 */
libtrace_tcp_t *trace_get_tcp_from_ip(const libtrace_ip_t *ip, int *skipped)
{
        struct libtrace_tcp *tcpptr = 0;

        if (ip->ip_p == 6)  {
                tcpptr = (struct libtrace_tcp *)trace_get_transport_from_ip(ip, skipped);
        }

        return tcpptr;
}

/* get a pointer to the UDP header (if any)
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the UDP header, or NULL if this is not a UDP packet
 */
struct libtrace_udp *trace_get_udp(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        struct libtrace_udp *udpptr = 0;
        struct libtrace_ip *ipptr = 0;
        
        if(!(ipptr = trace_get_ip(packet))) {
                return 0;
        }
        if (ipptr->ip_p == 17)  {
                udpptr = (struct libtrace_udp *)trace_get_transport_from_ip(ipptr, 0);
        }

        return udpptr;
}

/* get a pointer to the UDP header (if any) given a pointer to the IP header
 * @param ip            The IP header
 * @param[out] skipped  An output variable of the number of bytes skipped
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the UDP header, or NULL if this is not a UDP packet
 *
 * Skipped can be NULL, in which case it will be ignored by the program.
 */
struct libtrace_udp *trace_get_udp_from_ip(const struct libtrace_ip *ip, int *skipped)
{
        struct libtrace_udp *udpptr = 0;

        if (ip->ip_p == 17) {
                udpptr = (struct libtrace_udp *)trace_get_transport_from_ip(ip, skipped);
        }

        return udpptr;
}


/* get a pointer to the ICMP header (if any)
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the ICMP header, or NULL if this is not a ICMP packet
 */
struct libtrace_icmp *trace_get_icmp(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        struct libtrace_icmp *icmpptr = 0;
        struct libtrace_ip *ipptr = 0;
        
        if(!(ipptr = trace_get_ip(packet))) {
                return 0;
        }
        if (ipptr->ip_p == 1){
                icmpptr = (struct libtrace_icmp *)trace_get_transport_from_ip(ipptr, 0);
        }
        return icmpptr;
}

/* get a pointer to the ICMP header (if any) given a pointer to the IP header
 * @param ip            The IP header
 * @param[out] skipped  An output variable of the number of bytes skipped
 *
 * @returns a pointer to the ICMP header, or NULL if this is not a ICMP packet
 *
 * Skipped can be NULL, in which case it will be ignored by the program.
 */
struct libtrace_icmp *trace_get_icmp_from_ip(const struct libtrace_ip *ip, int *skipped)
{
        struct libtrace_icmp *icmpptr = 0;

        if (ip->ip_p == 1)  {
                icmpptr = (struct libtrace_icmp *)trace_get_transport_from_ip(ip, skipped);
        }

        return icmpptr;
}
/* parse an ip or tcp option
 * @param[in,out] ptr   the pointer to the current option
 * @param[in,out] len   the length of the remaining buffer
 * @param[out] type     the type of the option
 * @param[out] optlen   the length of the option
 * @param[out] data     the data of the option
 *
 * @returns bool true if there is another option (and the fields are filled in)
 *               or false if this was the last option.
 *
 * This updates ptr to point to the next option after this one, and updates
 * len to be the number of bytes remaining in the options area.  Type is updated
 * to be the code of this option, and data points to the data of this option,
 * with optlen saying how many bytes there are.
 *
 * @note Beware of fragmented packets.
 * @author Perry Lorier
 */
int trace_get_next_option(unsigned char **ptr,int *len,
                        unsigned char *type,
                        unsigned char *optlen,
                        unsigned char **data)
{
        if (*len<=0)
                return 0;
        *type=**ptr;
        switch(*type) {
                case 0: /* End of options */
                        return 0;
                case 1: /* Pad */
                        (*ptr)++;
                        (*len)--;
                        return 1;
                default:
                        *optlen = *(*ptr+1);
                        if (*optlen<2)
                                return 0; /* I have no idea wtf is going on
                                           * with these packets
                                           */
                        (*len)-=*optlen;
                        (*data)=(*ptr+2);
                        (*ptr)+=*optlen;
                        if (*len<0)
                                return 0;
                        return 1;
        }
        assert(0);
}


/* Get the current time in DAG time format 
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 * @returns a 64 bit timestamp in DAG ERF format (upper 32 bits are the seconds
 * past 1970-01-01, the lower 32bits are partial seconds)
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */ 
uint64_t trace_get_erf_timestamp(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        uint64_t timestamp = 0;
        double seconds = 0.0;
        struct timeval ts;

        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);

        if (packet->trace->format->get_erf_timestamp) {
                /* timestamp -> timestamp */
                timestamp = packet->trace->format->get_erf_timestamp(packet);
        } else if (packet->trace->format->get_timeval) {
                /* timeval -> timestamp */
                ts = packet->trace->format->get_timeval(packet);
                timestamp = ((((uint64_t)ts.tv_sec) << 32) + \
                                (((uint64_t)ts.tv_usec * UINT_MAX)/1000000));
        } else if (packet->trace->format->get_seconds) {
                /* seconds -> timestamp */
                seconds = packet->trace->format->get_seconds(packet);
                timestamp = ((uint64_t)((uint32_t)seconds) << 32) + \
                            (( seconds - (uint32_t)seconds   ) * UINT_MAX);
        }
        return timestamp;
}

/* Get the current time in struct timeval
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns time that this packet was seen in a struct timeval
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 * @author Perry Lorier
 */ 
struct timeval trace_get_timeval(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        struct timeval tv;
        uint64_t ts = 0;
        double seconds = 0.0;
        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);
        if (packet->trace->format->get_timeval) {
                /* timeval -> timeval */
                tv = packet->trace->format->get_timeval(packet);
        } else if (packet->trace->format->get_erf_timestamp) {
                /* timestamp -> timeval */
                ts = packet->trace->format->get_erf_timestamp(packet);
#if __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
                tv.tv_sec = ts & 0xFFFFFFFF;
#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
                tv.tv_sec = ts >> 32;
#else
#error "What on earth are you running this on?"
#endif
                ts = (1000000 * (ts & 0xffffffffULL));
                ts += (ts & 0x80000000ULL) << 1;
                tv.tv_usec = ts >> 32;
                if (tv.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
                        tv.tv_usec -= 1000000;
                        tv.tv_sec += 1;
                }
        } else if (packet->trace->format->get_seconds) {
                /* seconds -> timeval */
                seconds = packet->trace->format->get_seconds(packet);
                tv.tv_sec = (uint32_t)seconds;
                tv.tv_usec = (uint32_t)(((seconds - tv.tv_sec) * 1000000)/UINT_MAX);
        }

        return tv;
}

/* Get the current time in floating point seconds
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 * @returns time that this packet was seen in 64bit floating point seconds
 * @author Perry Lorier
 */ 
double trace_get_seconds(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        double seconds = 0.0;
        uint64_t ts = 0;
        struct timeval tv;

        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);
        
        if (packet->trace->format->get_seconds) {
                /* seconds->seconds */
                seconds = packet->trace->format->get_seconds(packet);
        } else if (packet->trace->format->get_erf_timestamp) {
                /* timestamp -> seconds */
                ts = packet->trace->format->get_erf_timestamp(packet);
                seconds =  (ts>>32) + ((ts & UINT_MAX)*1.0 / UINT_MAX);
        } else if (packet->trace->format->get_timeval) {
                /* timeval -> seconds */
                tv = packet->trace->format->get_timeval(packet);
                seconds = tv.tv_sec + ((tv.tv_usec * UINT_MAX * 1.0)/1000000);
        }

        return seconds;
}

/* Get the size of the packet in the trace
 * @param packet        the packet opaque pointer
 * @returns the size of the packet in the trace
 * @author Perry Lorier
 * @note The return size refers to the network-level payload of the packet and
 * does not include any capture headers. For example, an Ethernet packet with
 * an empty TCP packet will return sizeof(ethernet_header) + sizeof(ip_header)
 * + sizeof(tcp_header).
 * @note Due to this being a header capture, or anonymisation, this may not
 * be the same size as the original packet.  See trace_get_wire_length() for the 
 * original size of the packet.
 * @note This can (and often is) different for different packets in a trace!
 * @note This is sometimes called the "snaplen".
 */ 
int trace_get_capture_length(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {

        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);

        if (packet->trace->format->get_capture_length) {
                return packet->trace->format->get_capture_length(packet);
        }
        return -1;
}
        
/* Get the size of the packet as it was seen on the wire.
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 *
 * @returns the size of the packet as it was on the wire.
 * @author Perry Lorier
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 * @note Due to the trace being a header capture, or anonymisation this may
 * not be the same as the Capture Len.
 */ 
int trace_get_wire_length(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet){
        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);

        if (packet->trace->format->get_wire_length) {
                return packet->trace->format->get_wire_length(packet);
        }
        return -1;

}

/* Get the length of the capture framing headers.
 * @param packet        the packet opaque pointer
 * @returns the size of the packet as it was on the wire.
 * @author Perry Lorier
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 * @note this length corresponds to the difference between the size of a 
 * captured packet in memory, and the captured length of the packet
 */ 
SIMPLE_FUNCTION
int trace_get_framing_length(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        if (packet->trace->format->get_framing_length) {
                return packet->trace->format->get_framing_length(packet);
        }
        return -1;
}


/* Get the type of the link layer
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 * @returns libtrace_linktype_t
 * @author Perry Lorier
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
libtrace_linktype_t trace_get_link_type(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet ) {
        if (packet->trace->format->get_link_type) {
                return packet->trace->format->get_link_type(packet);
        }
        return -1;
}

/* Get the source MAC addres
 * @param packet        a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 * @returns a pointer to the source mac, (or NULL if there is no source MAC)
 * @author Perry Lorier
 */
uint8_t *trace_get_source_mac(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        void *link = trace_get_link(packet);
        struct ieee_802_11_header *wifi = link;
        struct libtrace_ether *ethptr = link;
        if (!link)
                return NULL;
        switch (trace_get_link_type(packet)) {
                case TRACE_TYPE_80211:
                        return (uint8_t*)&wifi->mac2;
                case TRACE_TYPE_ETH:
                        return (uint8_t*)&ethptr->ether_shost;
                default:
                        fprintf(stderr,"Not implemented\n");
                        assert(0);
        }
}

/* Get the destination MAC addres
 * @param packet a libtrace_packet pointer
 * @returns a pointer to the destination mac, (or NULL if there is no 
 * destination MAC)
 * @author Perry Lorier
 */
uint8_t *trace_get_destination_mac(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        void *link = trace_get_link(packet);
        struct ieee_802_11_header *wifi = link;
        struct libtrace_ether *ethptr = link;
        if (!link)
                return NULL;
        switch (trace_get_link_type(packet)) {
                case TRACE_TYPE_80211:
                        return (uint8_t*)&wifi->mac1;
                case TRACE_TYPE_ETH:
                        return (uint8_t*)&ethptr->ether_dhost;
                default:
                        fprintf(stderr,"Not implemented\n");
                        assert(0);
        }
}


/* process a libtrace event
 * @param trace the libtrace opaque pointer
 * @param packet the libtrace_packet opaque pointer
 * @returns
 *  TRACE_EVENT_IOWAIT  Waiting on I/O on fd
 *  TRACE_EVENT_SLEEP   Next event in seconds
 *  TRACE_EVENT_PACKET  Packet arrived in buffer with size size
 *  TRACE_EVENT_TERMINATE Trace terminated (perhaps with an error condition)
 * FIXME currently keeps a copy of the packet inside the trace pointer,
 * which in turn is stored inside the new packet object...
 * @author Perry Lorier
 */
struct libtrace_eventobj_t trace_event(struct libtrace_t *trace, 
                struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        struct libtrace_eventobj_t event = {0,0,0.0,0};

        if (!trace) {
                fprintf(stderr,"You called trace_event() with a NULL trace object!\n");
        }
        assert(trace);
        assert(packet);

        /* Store the trace we are reading from into the packet opaque
         * structure */
        packet->trace = trace;

        if (packet->trace->format->trace_event) {
                return packet->trace->format->trace_event(trace,packet);
        } else {
                return event;
        }

}

/* setup a BPF filter
 * @param filterstring a char * containing the bpf filter string
 * @returns opaque pointer pointer to a libtrace_filter_t object
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
struct libtrace_filter_t *trace_bpf_setfilter(const char *filterstring) {
#if HAVE_BPF
        struct libtrace_filter_t *filter = malloc(sizeof(struct libtrace_filter_t));
        filter->filterstring = strdup(filterstring);
        filter->flag = 0;
        return filter;
#else
        fprintf(stderr,"This version of libtrace does not have bpf filter support\n");
        return 0;
#endif
}

/* compile a bpf filter, now we know what trace it's on
 * @internal
 *
 * @returns -1 on error, 0 on success
 */
int trace_bpf_compile(libtrace_filter_t *filter,
                const libtrace_packet_t *packet ) {
#if HAVE_BPF
        void *linkptr = 0;
        assert(filter);

        /* If this isn't a real packet, then fail */
        linkptr = trace_get_link(packet);
        if (!linkptr) {
                return -1;
        }
        
        if (filter->filterstring && ! filter->flag) {
                pcap_t *pcap;
                pcap=(pcap_t *)pcap_open_dead(
                                libtrace_to_pcap_dlt(trace_get_link_type(packet)),
                                1500);
                /* build filter */
                if (pcap_compile( pcap, &filter->filter, filter->filterstring, 
                                        1, 0)) {
                        pcap_close(pcap);
                        return -1;
                }
                pcap_close(pcap);
                filter->flag=1;
        }
        return 0;
#else
        assert(!"This should never be called when BPF not enabled");
#endif
}

/* apply a BPF filter
 * @param filter the filter opaque pointer
 * @param packet the packet opaque pointer
 * @returns 0 if the filter fails, 1 if it succeeds
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
int trace_bpf_filter(struct libtrace_filter_t *filter,
                        const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
#if HAVE_BPF
        void *linkptr = 0;
        int clen = 0;
        assert(filter);
        assert(packet);
        linkptr = trace_get_link(packet);
        if (!linkptr) {
                return 0;
        }

        /* We need to compile it now, because before we didn't know what the 
         * link type was
         */
        trace_bpf_compile(filter,packet);
        
        clen = trace_get_capture_length(packet);

        assert(filter->flag);
        return bpf_filter(filter->filter.bf_insns, linkptr, clen, clen);
#else
        fprintf(stderr,"This version of libtrace does not have bpf filter support\n");
        return 0;
#endif
}

/* Set the direction flag, if it has one
 * @param packet the packet opaque pointer
 * @param direction the new direction (0,1,2,3)
 * @returns a signed value containing the direction flag, or -1 if this is not supported
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
int8_t trace_set_direction(struct libtrace_packet_t *packet, int8_t direction) {
        assert(packet);
        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);
        if (packet->trace->format->set_direction) {
                return packet->trace->format->set_direction(packet,direction);
        }
        return -1;
}

/* Get the direction flag, if it has one
 * @param packet a pointer to a libtrace_packet structure
 * @returns a signed value containing the direction flag, or -1 if this is not supported
 * The direction is defined as 0 for packets originating locally (ie, outbound)
 * and 1 for packets originating remotely (ie, inbound).
 * Other values are possible, which might be overloaded to mean special things
 * for a special trace.
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
int8_t trace_get_direction(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        assert(packet);
        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);
        if (packet->trace->format->get_direction) {
                return packet->trace->format->get_direction(packet);
        }
        return -1;
}

struct ports_t {
        uint16_t src;
        uint16_t dst;
};

/* Return the client port
 */
uint16_t trace_get_source_port(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet)
{
        struct libtrace_ip *ip = trace_get_ip(packet);
        struct ports_t *port;
        if (6 != ip->ip_p
          && 17 != ip->ip_p)
                return 0;
        if (0 != (ip->ip_off & SW_IP_OFFMASK))
                return 0;

        port = (struct ports_t *)((ptrdiff_t)ip + (ip->ip_hl * 4));

        return ntohs(port->src);
}

/* Same as get_source_port except use the destination port */
uint16_t trace_get_destination_port(const struct libtrace_packet_t *packet)
{
        struct libtrace_ip *ip = trace_get_ip(packet);
        struct ports_t *port;

        if (6 != ip->ip_p
          && 17 != ip->ip_p)
                return 0;

        if (0 != (ip->ip_off & SW_IP_OFFMASK))
                return 0;

        port = (struct ports_t *)((ptrdiff_t)ip + (ip->ip_hl * 4));

        return ntohs(port->dst);
}

#define ROOT_SERVER(x) ((x) < 512)
#define ROOT_CLIENT(x) ((512 <= (x)) && ((x) < 1024))
#define NONROOT_SERVER(x) ((x) >= 5000)
#define NONROOT_CLIENT(x) ((1024 <= (x)) && ((x) < 5000))
#define DYNAMIC(x) ((49152 < (x)) && ((x) < 65535))
#define SERVER(x) ROOT_SERVER(x) || NONROOT_SERVER(x)
#define CLIENT(x) ROOT_CLIENT(x) || NONROOT_CLIENT(x) 

/* Attempt to deduce the 'server' port
 * @param protocol the IP protocol (eg, 6 or 17 for TCP or UDP)
 * @param source the TCP or UDP source port
 * @param dest the TCP or UDP destination port
 * @returns a hint as to which port is the server port
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
int8_t trace_get_server_port(uint8_t protocol __attribute__((unused)), uint16_t source, uint16_t dest) {
        /*
         * * If the ports are equal, return DEST
         * * Check for well-known ports in the given protocol
         * * Root server ports: 0 - 511
         * * Root client ports: 512 - 1023
         * * non-root client ports: 1024 - 4999
         * * non-root server ports: 5000+
         * * Check for static ranges: 1024 - 49151
         * * Check for dynamic ranges: 49152 - 65535
         * * flip a coin.
         */
        
        /* equal */
        if (source == dest)
                return USE_DEST;

        /* root server port, 0 - 511 */
        if (ROOT_SERVER(source) && ROOT_SERVER(dest)) {
                if (source < dest)
                        return USE_SOURCE;
                return USE_DEST;
        }

        if (ROOT_SERVER(source) && !ROOT_SERVER(dest))
                return USE_SOURCE;
        if (!ROOT_SERVER(source) && ROOT_SERVER(dest))
                return USE_DEST;

        /* non-root server */
        if (NONROOT_SERVER(source) && NONROOT_SERVER(dest)) {
                if (source < dest)
                        return USE_SOURCE;
                return USE_DEST;
        }
        if (NONROOT_SERVER(source) && !NONROOT_SERVER(dest))
                return USE_SOURCE;
        if (!NONROOT_SERVER(source) && NONROOT_SERVER(dest))
                return USE_DEST;

        /* root client */
        if (ROOT_CLIENT(source) && ROOT_CLIENT(dest)) {
                if (source < dest)
                        return USE_SOURCE;
                return USE_DEST;
        }
        if (ROOT_CLIENT(source) && !ROOT_CLIENT(dest)) {
                /* prefer root-client over nonroot-client */
                if (NONROOT_CLIENT(dest))
                        return USE_SOURCE;
                return USE_DEST;
        }
        if (!ROOT_CLIENT(source) && ROOT_CLIENT(dest)) {
                /* prefer root-client over nonroot-client */
                if (NONROOT_CLIENT(source))
                        return USE_DEST;
                return USE_SOURCE;
        }
        
        /* nonroot client */
        if (NONROOT_CLIENT(source) && NONROOT_CLIENT(dest)) {
                if (source < dest) 
                        return USE_SOURCE;
                return USE_DEST;
        }
        if (NONROOT_CLIENT(source) && !NONROOT_CLIENT(dest))
                return USE_DEST;
        if (!NONROOT_CLIENT(source) && NONROOT_CLIENT(dest))
                return USE_SOURCE;

        /* dynamic range */
        if (DYNAMIC(source) && DYNAMIC(dest))
                if (source < dest)
                        return USE_SOURCE;
                return USE_DEST;
        if (DYNAMIC(source) && !DYNAMIC(dest))
                return USE_DEST;
        if (!DYNAMIC(source) && DYNAMIC(dest))
                return USE_SOURCE;
        /*
        if (SERVER(source) && CLIENT(dest)) 
                return USE_SOURCE;
        
        if (SERVER(dest) && CLIENT(source)) 
                return USE_DEST;
        if (ROOT_SERVER(source) && !ROOT_SERVER(dest)) 
                return USE_SOURCE;
        if (ROOT_SERVER(dest) && !ROOT_SERVER(source)) 
                return USE_DEST;
        */
        /* failing that test... */
        if (source < dest) {
                return USE_SOURCE;
        } 
        return USE_DEST;
        
}

/* Truncate the packet at the suggested length
 * @param packet        the packet opaque pointer
 * @param size          the new length of the packet
 * @returns the new size of the packet
 * @note size and the return size refer to the network-level payload of the
 * packet, and do not include any capture headers. For example, to truncate a
 * packet after the IP header, set size to sizeof(ethernet_header) +
 * sizeof(ip_header)
 * @note If the original network-level payload is smaller than size, then the
 * original size is returned and the packet is left unchanged.
 * @author Daniel Lawson
 */
size_t trace_set_capture_length(struct libtrace_packet_t *packet, size_t size) {
        assert(packet);
        assert(packet->size>0 && packet->size<65536);

        if (packet->trace->format->set_capture_length) {
                return packet->trace->format->set_capture_length(packet,size);
        }

        return -1;
}

const char * trace_parse_uri(const char *uri, char **format) {
        const char *uridata = 0;
        
        if((uridata = strchr(uri,':')) == NULL) {
                /* badly formed URI - needs a : */
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_URI_NOCOLON,"Format missing");
                return 0;
        }

        if ((uridata - uri) > URI_PROTO_LINE) {
                /* badly formed URI - uri type is too long */
                trace_set_err(TRACE_ERR_URI_LONG,"Format too long");
                return 0;
        }

        *format=xstrndup(uri, (uridata - uri));

        /* push uridata past the delimiter */
        uridata++;
        
        return uridata;
}

enum base_format_t trace_get_format(struct libtrace_packet_t *packet) {
        assert(packet);

        return packet->trace->format->type;
}
        
/** Update the libtrace error
 * @param errcode either an Econstant from libc, or a LIBTRACE_ERROR
 * @param msg a plaintext error message
 * @internal
 */
void trace_set_err(int errcode,const char *msg,...)
{
        char buf[256];
        va_list va;
        va_start(va,msg);
        trace_err.err_num=errcode;
        if (errcode>0) {
                vsnprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),msg,va);
                snprintf(trace_err.problem,sizeof(trace_err.problem),
                                "%s: %s",buf,strerror(errno));
        } else {
                vsnprintf(trace_err.problem,sizeof(trace_err.problem),msg,va);
        }
        va_end(va);
}